INTERNATIONAL POLICIES ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF SWEDEN, DENMARK AND FINLAND
Abstract
This review article analyses institutional policies for the application of generative artificial intelligence (hereinafter - AI) in higher education, using the example of leading universities in Northern Europe, known as the Scandinavian countries (Sweden, Denmark and Finland). The author outlines key strategic guidelines, ethical principles, mechanisms and practical approaches to the implementation of AI in the educational process of foreign higher education institutions (HEIs). The author notes the peculiarities of the official documents of the analysed universities that regulate the use of AI by students and teachers of HEIs. Common features are highlighted, such as a focus on academic integrity, teacher of HEIs autonomy, transparency of AI labelling requirements, and adherence to the principle of equal access. At the same time, differences are highlighted, which consist in the flexibility of policies (at Uppsala University), practical recommendations and support (at IT University of Copenhagen), as well as clearly regulated responsibility and detailed compliance with the principles of AI application (at the University of Helsinki). Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations were made to Ukrainian higher education institutions on adapting effective AI application policies, introducing the role of AI coordinator, ensuring open access to AI tools, and developing specific ethical declarations on the use of AI. Particular attention was paid to the issue of AI labelling and the personal responsibility of students and teachers of HEIs. An important aspect is the need to educate all participants in the educational process on the safe, transparent and critical use of AI in education and research. The importance of institutional support in the implementation of AI technologies, in particular through specialised experts, is emphasised. The results presented can be integrated into the practice of internal quality assurance in higher education institutions in Ukraine and the development of relevant regulatory documents.
Key words: artificial intelligence, AI policies, higher education, academic integrity, digital ethics, Scandinavian countries.
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References
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