DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL COMPETENCIES OF SPECIALISTS: NATIONAL FEATURES AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Abstract
The article is dedicated to exploring the national features and global challenges in the process of forming and developing these competencies in the Ukrainian educational and professional space. The article substantiates the relevance of the study in the context of Ukraine’s European integration and the need to adapt to global standards, emphasizing the impact of national factors such as historical context, sociocultural characteristics, and the current state of the educational system. Underestimating the role of general competencies can lead to the uncompetitiveness of graduates in the labor market and hinder societal progress. The contribution of both foreign and domestic scholars to the study of the competency-based approach is highlighted. It is noted that, despite the significant number of works, the issue of integrating general competencies into the Ukrainian education system, taking into account its national features and global challenges, remains insufficiently researched. The authors of the article reveal the essence and classification of general competencies (cognitive, social, self-management, digital). They detail the national characteristics of their development in Ukraine, which include the influence of historical heritage, the state of the educational system, labor market dynamics, sociocultural factors, and significant adjustments made by the full-scale war, which, on one hand, accelerated the development of adaptability and stress resistance, but on the other, posed new challenges regarding psychological resilience. Key global challenges are discussed, such as digital transformation (artificial intelligence, automation), globalization and intercultural interaction, changes in the labor market, environmental and social issues, as well as the increasing need for lifelong learning. Prospective directions for the development of general competencies in Ukraine are identified, including the modernization of educational programs, targeted training of pedagogical staff, strengthening interaction with employers, the development of effective assessment and feedback systems, the formation of a culture of self-development, and a focus on psychological support and resilience development. It is emphasized that effective development of general competencies requires a comprehensive strategy that considers both national features and global challenges. Further research directions are outlined.
Key words: general competencies; soft skills; transferable skills; professional training; higher education; lifelong learning; competency-based approach.
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References
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References (translated and transliterated)
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